Fertility Rate and Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index following Varicocelectomy in Primary Infertile Men with Clinical Varicocele: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.

Although varicocele repair improved the DFI, the fertility rate was achieved in less than one-third of patients; it seems that the other parameters, such as the history of smoking, occupational heated exposure, overweight, and duration of infertility should be considered as predictors of fertility status, in primary infertile men who are a candidate for varicocelectomy.