Alpha-Ketoglutarate or 5-HMF: Single Compounds Effectively Eliminate Leukemia Cells via Caspase-3 Apoptosis and Antioxidative Pathways.
Joachim GreilbergerRalf HerwigMehtap KaçarNaime BrajshoriGeorg FeiglPhilipp StieglerReinhold WintersteigerPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Both substances showed high antioxidative potential in eliminating either peroxynitrite or nitration of tyrosine residues, which results in a better inhibition of cell growth and mitochondrial activity of 5-HMF compared to aKG. However, caspase-3-activated apoptosis measurements revealed that the combination of both substances synergistically is the most effective compared to single compounds.