Adaptive Immune Resistance to Intravesical BCG in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Implications for Prospective BCG-Unresponsive Trials.
Max KatesAndres MatosoWoonyoung ChoiAlexander S BarasMarcus J DanielsKara LombardoAaron BrantNina MikkilineniDavid J McConkeyAshish M KamatRobert S SvatekSima P PortenJoshua J MeeksSeth P LernerColin P N DinneyPeter C BlackJames M McKiernanChris AndersonCharles G DrakeTrinity J BivalacquaPublished in: Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research (2019)
One mechanism of BCG failure may be adaptive immune resistance. Baseline tumor PD-L1 expression predicts an unfavorable response to BCG and if validated, could be used to guide therapeutic decisions.
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