Should insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin secretion (HOMA-β), and visceral fat area be considered for improving the performance of diabetes risk prediction models.

This cohort study, primarily composed of male workers, suggests that a model with BMI, FPG, and HbA1c effectively identifies those at high diabetes risk. However, adding HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, or replacing BMI with VFA does not significantly improve the model. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.