Ultrasound-assisted switchable hydrophilic solvent-based homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of triazole fungicides in environmental water by GC-MS.

A new method was developed for the determination of three triazole fungicides in environmental water samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based on ultrasonic assisted switchable hydrophilic solvent homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction. As a switchable hydrophilic solvent, N , N -dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA) does not require a dispersant or centrifugation. Ultrasound assistance is helpful to speed up the extraction of target compounds and can reduce the pretreatment time. The entire pretreatment process of this method only takes 5 minutes. Using the Box-Behnken design as the means of optimization, optimal extraction conditions were obtained through a mathematical model. Good linearity was obtained in the range of 5-500 μg L -1 , and the correlation coefficient of target compounds was greater than 0.999. The matrix spiked recoveries were between 81.3% and 111.1% and the detection limit was between 0.46 and 0.99 μg L -1 . Intraday relative standard deviation ( n = 3) was 13.0-13.9% at 100 μg L -1 . Finally, it was concluded that the method is a rapid, efficient and simple method for the analysis of triazole fungicides in water.