Developmental stages in microbiota, bile acids, and clostridial species in healthy puppies.
Amanda B BlakeAnnalis CigarroaHannah L KleinMohammad R KhattabTheresa KeatingPatti Van De CoeveringJonathan A LidburyJoerg M SteinerJan S SuchodolskiPublished in: Journal of veterinary internal medicine (2020)
The increase in secondary bile acids and simultaneous decrease of C. difficile and C. perfringens after 5 to 6 weeks of age warrants further investigation into regulatory impacts that secondary bile acids could have on clostridial species in dogs.