Using portable X-ray fluorescence elemental analysis to explore porous skeletal lesions: Interplay of sex, age at death, and cause of death.
Ricardo A M P GomesAna Luísa SantosLidia CatarinoPublished in: American journal of biological anthropology (2024)
Feasible pXRF results and low cribra intraobserver error assure replicability. Elevated Ca, P, and Sr in older individuals may relate to skeletal growth, while increased Pb suggests bioaccumulation. Cribra's increase with age reflects different rates of marrow conversion and bone remodeling. Higher Fe and lower S in individuals with cribra cranii possibly reflects poor nutrition, early alcohol use, and sideroblastic anemia, aligning with 19th-20th-century Portugal's living conditions. Respiratory infections increased cribra expression, revealing intricate interplays among inflammation, anemia(s), marrow expansion, and diet. This research highlights a complex scenario and blazes a new path for cribra interpretation.
Keyphrases
- physical activity
- heavy metals
- chronic kidney disease
- iron deficiency
- oxidative stress
- high resolution
- weight loss
- metal organic framework
- bone mineral density
- health risk
- single molecule
- computed tomography
- risk assessment
- soft tissue
- dual energy
- long non coding rna
- community dwelling
- mass spectrometry
- postmenopausal women
- respiratory tract