Morphine synovial fluid concentrations after intravenous regional limb perfusion in horses during standing sedation.

IVRLP using morphine is a feasible technique and synovial morphine concentrations were measurable following IVRLP and were not affected when used concurrently with amikacin. Administration of morphine via IVRLP may be beneficial as an analgesic technique for orthopaedic conditions of the distal limb while limiting potential serious systemic side-effects.