Lasting modulation of human cortical swallowing motor pathways following thermal tongue stimulation.

Jin Magara Masahiro Watanabe Takanori Tsujimura Shaheen Hamdy Makoto Inoue

Published in: Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society (2020)

Ten-minute cold stimulation on the tongue can induce a delayed (30 minutes) increase in pharyngeal cortical excitability, providing a clinically useful therapeutic window for its application in dysphagic patients.

Keyphrases

end stage renal disease
endothelial cells
ejection fraction
newly diagnosed
prognostic factors
patient reported outcomes