Optimizing neuromuscular electrical stimulation for hand opening.

When using neuromuscular electrical stimulation to activate the wrist and finger extensors, clinicians should consider locating both stimulating electrodes proximally over the extensor surface of the forearm and apply a 100 µs interphase interval to a biphasic pulse. Future research that should establish these findings in individuals with various pathologies, especially in patients with residual hand spasticity.