The impact of HLA donor-specific antibodies on engraftment and the evolving desensitization strategies.

The majority of contemporary allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) procedures utilize partially HLA-mismatched stem cell grafts. Donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSA) are associated with primary graft failure independent of the graft source, conditioning intensity and other patient and donor factors. Here we provide an update on testing and monitoring of DSA, review the impact of DSA on stem cell engraftment, and present promising desensitization modalities. Ultimately, we attempt to provide practical recommendations for DSA screening and mitigation strategies.