Comparative analysis of reciprocating and flat side heat-treated rotary single-file systems: design, metallurgical characteristics, and mechanical performance.

Jorge N R Martins Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva Abayomi Omokeji BaruwaR Pereira da CostaF M Braz FernandesMarco Aurélio Versiani

Published in: International endodontic journal (2023)

This multimethod investigation revealed that the flat side rotary instruments underperformed the reciprocating instruments regarding cyclic fatigue (with two different clockwise kinematics), maximum torque, angle of rotation, maximum buckling strength, and flexibility. Manufacturing inconsistencies were also observed in some of the flat side instruments, including discontinuity segments, different orientations, and in the homogeneity of their bluish color given by the heat treatment.

Keyphrases

patient reported outcomes
heat stress
high resolution
physical activity
resting state
depressive symptoms
combination therapy
functional connectivity
smoking cessation