Nanofibrous Gelatin-Based Biomaterial with Improved Biomimicry Using D-Periodic Self-Assembled Atelocollagen.
Sara Borrego-GonzálezMatthew J DalbyAránzazu Díaz-CuencaPublished in: Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Design of bioinspired materials that mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) at the nanoscale is a challenge in tissue engineering. While nanofibrillar gelatin materials mimic chemical composition and nano-architecture of natural ECM collagen components, it lacks the characteristic D-staggered array (D-periodicity) of 67 nm, which is an important cue in terms of cell recognition and adhesion properties. In this study, a nanofibrous gelatin matrix with improved biomimicry is achieved using a formulation including a minimal content of D-periodic self-assembled atelocollagen. We suggest a processing route approach consisting of the thermally induced phase separation of the gelatin based biopolymeric mixture precursor followed by chemical-free material cross-linking. The matrix nanostructure is characterized using field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), wide angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The cell culture assays indicate that incorporation of 2.6 wt.% content of D-periodic atelocollagen to the gelatin material, produces a significant increase of MC3T3-E1 mouse preosteoblast cells attachment and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) proliferation, in comparison with related bare gelatin matrices. The presented results demonstrate the achievement of an efficient route to produce a cost-effective, compositionally defined and low immunogenic "collagen-like" instructive biomaterial, based on gelatin.
Keyphrases
- tissue engineering
- electron microscopy
- extracellular matrix
- mesenchymal stem cells
- high resolution
- endothelial cells
- magnetic resonance
- high throughput
- bone marrow
- single cell
- magnetic resonance imaging
- cell therapy
- computed tomography
- drug delivery
- photodynamic therapy
- umbilical cord
- cystic fibrosis
- cell death
- high glucose
- staphylococcus aureus
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- high speed
- light emitting