First presentation of Graves' thyroid storm complicated by catastrophic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: A case report.
Aymen AbbasNoura AlmarzooqiThana HarharaPublished in: SAGE open medical case reports (2024)
Catastrophic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is a rare and severe subtype of antiphospholipid syndrome with multisystemic organ failure due to thromboembolic events, resulting in high mortality rates. The association between catastrophic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and autoimmune thyroid diseases is rarely reported in the literature. We report a case of a 35-year-old previously healthy female with Graves' thyroid storm, positive lupus antibodies, and probable catastrophic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Her hospital course was complicated by extensive venous thromboembolism, superior vena cava syndrome, thromboembolic strokes, and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Eventually, this led to an unfortunate death secondary to profound shock after 8 days despite emergent treatment. Our case report discusses the link between autoimmune thyroid disorders and catastrophic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. We emphasize the difficulty in diagnosing catastrophic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome in extremely ill patients and stress the significance of considering it as a possible cause in thyrotoxicosis patients with multiple organ failure and hypercoagulability. Early recognition and prompt management are crucial in improving outcomes in these patients.
Keyphrases
- case report
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- venous thromboembolism
- end stage renal disease
- heart failure
- newly diagnosed
- vena cava
- systematic review
- multiple sclerosis
- type diabetes
- atrial fibrillation
- rheumatoid arthritis
- cardiovascular disease
- disease activity
- risk factors
- skeletal muscle
- weight loss
- glycemic control
- inferior vena cava