A Qualitative Analysis of Cultured Adventitious Ginseng Root's Chemical Composition and Immunomodulatory Effects.
Hong ChenXiangzhu LiHang ChiZhuo LiCuizhu WangQianyun WangHao FengPingya LiPublished in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2023)
The cultivation of ginseng in fields is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Thus, culturing adventitious ginseng root in vitro constitutes an effective approach to accumulating ginsenosides. In this study, we employed UPLC-QTOF-MS to analyze the composition of the cultured adventitious root (cAR) of ginseng, identifying 60 chemical ingredients. We also investigated the immunomodulatory effect of cAR extract using various mouse models. The results demonstrated that the cAR extract showed significant activity in enhancing the immune response in mice. The mechanism underlying the immunomodulatory effect of cAR was analyzed through network pharmacology analysis, revealing potential 'key protein targets', namely TNF, AKT1, IL-6, VEGFA, and IL-1β, affected by potential 'key components', namely the ginsenosides PPT, F1, Rh2, CK, and 20( S )-Rg3. The signaling pathways PI3K-Akt, AGE-RAGE, and MAPK may play a vital role in this process.
Keyphrases
- signaling pathway
- pi k akt
- cell proliferation
- immune response
- ms ms
- cell cycle arrest
- oxidative stress
- induced apoptosis
- endothelial cells
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- mouse model
- rheumatoid arthritis
- multiple sclerosis
- anti inflammatory
- dendritic cells
- human health
- amino acid
- protein kinase
- metabolic syndrome
- inflammatory response
- toll like receptor
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- atomic force microscopy