New RNA-Based Breakthroughs in Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis and Therapeutics.
Micaela RiscadoBruno BaptistaFani SousaPublished in: Pharmaceutics (2021)
Dementia is described as the fifth leading cause of death worldwide and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is recognized as the most common, causing a huge impact on health costs and quality of patients' lives. The main hallmarks that are commonly associated with the pathologic process are amyloid deposition, pathologic Tau phosphorylation and neurodegeneration. It is still unclear how these events are linked to the disease progression, due to the complex pathologic mechanisms. Nevertheless, several hypotheses have been proposed for a better understanding of AD. The AD diagnosis is performed by using a combination of several tools to detect β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) deposits and modifications in cognitive performance, sometimes being expensive and invasive. In the treatment field, there is still an absence of effective treatments to delay or stop the progression of the disease, with most of the approved drugs used to relieve symptoms, and all of them with significant adverse side effects. Considering all limitations, the need to establish new and more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies becomes clear. This review aims not only to describe the disease and its impact but also to collect the currently available diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, highlighting new promising RNA-based strategies for AD.
Keyphrases
- neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- end stage renal disease
- healthcare
- mental health
- chronic kidney disease
- emergency department
- locally advanced
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- squamous cell carcinoma
- small molecule
- mild cognitive impairment
- physical activity
- radiation therapy
- cognitive impairment
- cerebrospinal fluid
- risk assessment
- social media
- prognostic factors
- lymph node
- sleep quality
- patient reported outcomes
- quality improvement
- drug administration