Skin Hypopigmentation in Hematology Disorders.
Roberto MazzettoPaola MiceliAlvise SernicolaJacopo TartagliaMauro AlaibacPublished in: Hematology reports (2024)
Hypopigmentation disorders pose significant diagnostic challenges in dermatology, sometimes reflecting underlying hematological conditions. This review explores the clinical presentations related to hypopigmentation in hematological disorders, focusing on vitiligo, morphea, and syndromic albinism. Vitiligo, an autoimmune disorder targeting melanocytes, involves interactions between genetic polymorphisms and immune responses, particularly regarding CD8+ T cells and IFN-γ. Drug-induced vitiligo, notably by immune checkpoint inhibitors and small-molecule targeted anticancer therapies, underscores the importance of immune dysregulation. Morphea, an inflammatory skin disorder, may signal hematological involvement, as seen in deep morphea and post-radiotherapy lesions. Syndromic albinism, linked to various genetic mutations affecting melanin production, often presents with hematologic abnormalities. Treatment approaches focus on targeting the immune pathways specific to the condition, and when that is not possible, managing symptoms. Understanding these dermatological manifestations is crucial for the timely diagnosis and management of hematological disorders.
Keyphrases
- drug induced
- liver injury
- small molecule
- immune response
- cancer therapy
- intellectual disability
- oxidative stress
- multiple sclerosis
- dendritic cells
- soft tissue
- radiation therapy
- squamous cell carcinoma
- genome wide
- radiation induced
- autism spectrum disorder
- drug delivery
- protein protein
- depressive symptoms
- physical activity
- copy number