The Development and Application of a Cost-Effective Cervical Spine Phantom for Use in Fluoroscopically Guided Lateral C1-C2 Spinal Puncture Training.

This cervical phantom model is affordable and replicable and demonstrates training utility to prepare residents for performing lateral C1-C2 spinal puncture. This is a rare procedure, so the use of a phantom model before patient encounters is invaluable to resident education and training.