SAP Principle Guided Free Hand Technique: A Secret for T1 to S1 Pedicle Screw Placement.

Jinyue He Fei LuoHao WangJianzhong XuZeHua Zhang

Published in: Orthopaedic surgery (2022)

SAP-guidance is a reliable freehand technique for thoracic and lumbar pedicle screw instrument. It allows accurate and safe screw insertion in both non-deformity and deformity cases with less radiation exposure.

Keyphrases

minimally invasive
spinal cord
high resolution
ultrasound guided
patient reported outcomes