Poly-refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Uncommon Subset of Difficult to Treat Disease with Distinct Inflammatory and Non-inflammatory Phenotypes.

Paula DavidAndrea Di MatteoOr HenShouvik DassHelena Marzo-OrtegaRichard J WakefieldLeslie-Anne BissellJacqueline NamKulveer MankiaPaul EmeryBenazir SaleemDennis McGonagle

Published in: Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) (2023)

Only 2.7% of D2T-RA failed all classes of b/tsDMARDs. Among D2T-RA, under 60% had objective signs of inflammation, representing a target for innovative strategies.

Keyphrases

rheumatoid arthritis
oxidative stress
disease activity
ankylosing spondylitis
interstitial lung disease
systemic lupus erythematosus
systemic sclerosis