From mini-puberty to pre-puberty: early impairment of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis with normal testicular function in children with non-mosaic Klinefelter syndrome.

Matteo SpazianiS GranatoN LiberatiF M RossiN TahaniC PozzaD GianfrilliG PapiA AnzuiniA LenziL TaraniA F Radicioni

Published in: Journal of endocrinological investigation (2020)

No hormonal signs of tubular or interstitial damage were found in KS infants. The presence of higher levels of gonadotropins, INHB and testosterone during mini-puberty and pre-puberty may be interpreted as an alteration of the HPG axis in KS infants.

Keyphrases

young adults
oxidative stress
type diabetes
case report
replacement therapy
skeletal muscle
germ cell
endothelial cells