Poloxamer-188 Adjuvant Efficiently Maintains Adaptive Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 RBD Subunit Vaccination through Repressing p38MAPK Signaling.
Chao-Hung ChenYu-Jen LinLi-Ting ChengChien-Hung LinGuan-Ming KePublished in: Vaccines (2022)
Poloxamer-188 (P188) is a nonionic triblock linear copolymer that can be used as a pharmaceutical excipient because of its amphiphilic nature. This study investigated whether P188 can act as an adjuvant to improve the immunogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor binding domain (RBD) subunit vaccine. BALB/c mice were vaccinated twice with the RBD antigen alone or in combination with P188 or MF59 (a commercial adjuvant for comparison purposes). The resulting humoral and cellular immunity were assessed. Results showed that P188 helped elicit higher neutralizing activity than MF59 after vaccination. P188 induced significant humoral immune response, along with type 1 T helper (Th1) and type 2 T helper (Th2) cellular immune response when compared with MF59 due to repressing p38MAPK phosphorylation. Furthermore, P188 did not result in adverse effects such as fibrosis of liver or kidney after vaccination. In conclusion, P188 is a novel adjuvant that may be used for safe and effective immune enhancement of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD antigen.
Keyphrases
- sars cov
- immune response
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- early stage
- dendritic cells
- coronavirus disease
- regulatory t cells
- toll like receptor
- protein kinase
- high glucose
- type diabetes
- endothelial cells
- drug induced
- oxidative stress
- skeletal muscle
- drug release
- drug delivery
- high fat diet induced
- adipose tissue
- stress induced