Osteoblast differentiation is enhanced by a nano-to-micro hybrid titanium surface created by Yb:YAG laser irradiation.
Eduardo Mariscal-MuñozCarlos A S CostaHewerson S TavaresJonas BianchiJosimeri HeblingJoão P B MachadoUlf H LernerPedro Paulo Chaves de SouzaPublished in: Clinical oral investigations (2015)
Laser treatment of titanium generates a reproducible and efficient surface triggering osteoblast differentiation that can be of importance for osteointegration.
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