Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy after neoadjuvant radio- or radiochemotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

We considered patients with locally advanced rectal cancer have a significant benefit in overall survival by receiving an adjuvant chemotherapy especially in lower pathological tumor stage (ypUICC 0 + I). Especially because of the heterogeneity of our study population prospective randomized trials are necessary to determine the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.