Novel JAK inhibitors under investigation for systemic lupus erythematosus: - where are we now?

SLE is a clinically and immunologically heterogeneous disease. Therefore, drugs targeting a single molecule require precision medicine to exert maximal therapeutic efficacy. JAK inhibitors can probably fine-tune the immune network via various mechanisms and broadly regulate complex immune-mediated pathologies in SLE. However, evidence is required to address some safety concerns associated with the use of JAK inhibitors in patients with SLE, including infections (particularly herpes zoster) and thromboembolism (particularly in the presence of concomitant antiphospholipid syndrome).