Bronchoalveolar lavage with pediatric flexible fibreoptic bronchoscope in pediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplant patients: Nursing considerations for operative complications.

There were more perioperative complications in the HSCT patients than in the general pneumonia patients who underwent BAL/FB. Airway mucosal bleeding was a key focus of perioperative nursing in HSCT patients undergoing bronchoscopy as main complication. BAL with the use of epinephrine diluted saline (1:10,000) effectively decreased airway mucosal bleeding.