Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation modulates coupling among large-scale brain networks in heroin-dependent individuals: A randomized resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
Long JinMenghui YuanWei ZhangHang SuFan WangJia ZhuTao LiuYixin WeiYunbo LiQianrong BaiWei WangLongxiao WeiQiang LiPublished in: Addiction biology (2021)
The abnormal interactions of three key large-scale brain networks (default mode [DMN], salience and executive control [ECN]) were showed underlie dysfunctions in heroin addiction. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is a potential treatment for heroin addiction. It is unclear whether impaired coupling among the large-scale brain networks would be improved by rTMS in treated heroin-dependent individuals. Thirty-five heroin-dependent individuals were included in this sham-controlled, randomized study. The patients received either active or sham rTMS for 1 week. The craving for heroin and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected before and after 1-week rTMS. Twenty-two healthy subjects were included as controls not receiving rTMS. After 1-week rTMS, only the active rTMS group showed a significant decrease in spontaneous and heroin cue-induced craving. The coupling between left DLPFC (a key node of left ECN) and left parahippocampal gyrus (PHG, included in DMN) significantly increased for the active group with a tendency towards that of controls. The coupling between the right precentral gyrus and three key regions included in DMN (posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus and bilateral inferior parietal cortex) significantly decreased for the active group with a tendency towards that of healthy controls. For the active rTMS individuals, the left DLPFC-PHG coupling negatively correlated with the spontaneous craving and the drug cue-induced craving. It suggested that the rTMS could reduce heroin craving, which might be related to the modulation of ECN-DMN coupling. This finding might shed light on the mechanism of rTMS for heroin addiction treatment.
Keyphrases
- transcranial magnetic stimulation
- resting state
- functional connectivity
- high frequency
- magnetic resonance imaging
- room temperature
- prefrontal cortex
- newly diagnosed
- lymph node
- high glucose
- emergency department
- multiple sclerosis
- chronic kidney disease
- case report
- diabetic rats
- oxidative stress
- magnetic resonance
- big data
- machine learning
- drug delivery
- brain injury
- clinical trial
- ionic liquid
- data analysis