Gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites alleviate liver injury via AhR/Nrf2 activation in pyrrolizidine alkaloids-induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome.

Gut microbiota plays a critical role in MCT-induced HSOS, with inadequate microbial tryptophan metabolism in the gut and consequently a lower activity of the AhR/Nrf2 signaling pathway in the liver, which should be a potential target for the management of HSOS.