Anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic compounds isolated from marine sponge Hemimycale sp.

The methanolic extract of the marine sponge Hemimycale sp . yielded two new compounds; 1-(2'-methyl heptadecyl) phenol ( 1 ) and a new pyrazole derivative; 4-(hydroxymethyl)-1 H -pyrazol-3-ol ( 2 ), together with previously isolated (2' R )-2'-hydroxy-N-((2 S ,3 S ,4 R )-1,3,4-trihydroxy-16-methylpentadecan-2-yl)docosanamide ( 3 ), cholesterol ( 4 ), 5, 8- epi- dioxycholest-6-en-3-ol ( 5 ) and 3-acetylsesterstatin 3 ( 6 ), which were firstly reported from family Hymedesmiidae. Their structure elucidation was based on extensive nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high resolution-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic activities. Compound 5 showed remarkable anti-leishmanial activity with IC 50 value of 15.8 ± 0.92 µg/mL comparable with the standard miltefosine (IC 50 = 3.2 ± 0.07 µg/mL), while compound 3 exhibited noteworthy cytotoxicity against A594 cell line with IC 50 value of 29.6 ± 1.68 µg/mL compared to etoposide (IC 50 = 10.9 ± 1.30 µg/mL).