Immuno-Hormonal, Genetic and Metabolic Profiling of Newborns as a Basis for the Life-Long OneHealth Medical Record: A Scoping Review.
Alekandra FucicAlberto MantovaniGavin William Ten TusscherPublished in: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) (2021)
Holistic and life-long medical surveillance is the core of personalised medicine and supports an optimal implementation of both preventive and curative healthcare. Personal medical records are only partially unified by hospital or general practitioner informatics systems, but only for citizens with long-term permanent residence. Otherwise, insight into the medical history of patients greatly depends on their medical archive and memory. Additionally, occupational exposure records are not combined with clinical or general practitioner records. Environmental exposure starts preconceptionally and continues during pregnancy by transplacental exposure. Antenatal exposure is partially dependent on parental lifestyle, residence and occupation. Newborn screening (NBS) is currently being performed in developed countries and includes testing for rare genetic, hormone-related, and metabolic conditions. Transplacental exposure to substances such as endocrine disruptors, air pollutants and drugs may have life-long health consequences. However, despite the recognised impact of transplacental exposure on the increased risk of metabolic syndrome, neurobehavioral disorders as well as immunodisturbances including allergy and infertility, not a single test within NBS is geared toward detecting biomarkers of exposure (xenobiotics or their metabolites, nutrients) or effect such as oestradiol, testosterone and cytokines, known for being associated with various health risks and disturbed by transplacental xenobiotic exposures. The outcomes of ongoing exposome projects might be exploited to this purpose. Developing and using a OneHealth Medical Record (OneHealthMR) may allow the incorporated chip to harvest information from different sources, with high integration added value for health prevention and care: environmental exposures, occupational health records as well as diagnostics of chronic diseases, allergies and medication usages, from birth and throughout life. Such a concept may present legal and ethical issues pertaining to personal data protection, requiring no significant investments and exploits available technologies and algorithms, putting emphasis on the prevention and integration of environmental exposure and health data.
Keyphrases
- healthcare
- metabolic syndrome
- public health
- health information
- pregnant women
- mental health
- electronic health record
- emergency department
- air pollution
- machine learning
- end stage renal disease
- primary care
- prognostic factors
- big data
- quality improvement
- single cell
- physical activity
- ms ms
- adipose tissue
- heavy metals
- risk assessment
- chronic kidney disease
- ejection fraction
- copy number
- preterm infants
- gene expression
- pregnancy outcomes
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- peritoneal dialysis
- patient reported
- atopic dermatitis
- infectious diseases
- genome wide
- type diabetes