Pharmacologic Treatments in Upper Extremity Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Review and Analysis of Quality of Evidence.

Mikel TihistaEmily RobinsonMichael M PolmearJohn ScanaliatoMichael Ramirez John C Dunn

Published in: Hand (New York, N.Y.) (2022)

Based on the evidence evaluated in this study, bisphosphonates should be considered as a first-line medication in the treatment of CRPS. In patients presenting with chronic or refractory CRPS, strong consideration should be given for the use of ketamine. Adjunct treatment in the acute setting should include TCAs and/or topical DMSO.

Keyphrases

healthcare
emergency department
combination therapy
drug induced
chronic pain
pain management
respiratory failure
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
aortic dissection
electronic health record
smoking cessation