Plug-flow hydrolysis with lignocellulosic residues: effect of hydraulic retention time and thin-sludge recirculation.

The suitable combination of HRT and thin-sludge recirculation proved to be useful in a plug-flow hydrolysis as primary stage in biorefinery systems with the benefits of a wider feedstock spectrum including feedstock with cellulolytic components at an increased process robustness against changes in the feedstock composition.