Chemotherapy and programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitor combinations for tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant, epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis.

Despite modest improvements in PFS, most pronounced when both PD-(L)1 and VEGF inhibitors are added to chemotherapy, neither strategy led to clinically meaningful improvements in OS. Our results do not support the broad use of chemoimmunotherapy combinations in TKI-resistant, EGFR-mutant lung cancer. Novel immunotherapy approaches are urgently needed for oncogene-driven NSCLC.