Treatment with silica-gold nanostructures decreases inflammation-related gene expression in collagen-induced arthritis.
Rosa Isela Ruvalcaba-OntiverosSusana Aideé González-ChávezAnel Rocío Carrasco-HernándezSalma Marcela López-LoezaIvonne Castellanos-PonceGregorio Vázquez-OlveraMiguel Ángel Neri-FloresGerardo Pavel Espino-SolísJosé Alberto Duarte-MollerCésar Pacheco-TenaHilda-Esperanza Esparza-PoncePublished in: Biomaterials science (2022)
Gold salts have been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) since the 1940s, and, with advances in nanotechnology, the use of nanogold provides multiple options for anti-inflammatory therapies. This paper presents the synthesis and characterization of silica-gold nanostructures (SGNs) and their therapeutic effect in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1 mice. At the end of the treatment, the synovial membranes, kidneys, livers, and spleens were dissected and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP) showing less than 0.0001 and 0.1% of the administered doses of Au and Si, respectively. Remains of the SGNs were visually identified in the synovial membrane by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the bone density of the hind paws was observed by computerized tomography (CT) indicating a reduction of porosity in the CIA-experimental group. The DNA microarray analysis carried out with RNA obtained from the hind paws showed 2628 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by SGNs. The bioinformatic analysis showed that DEGs were significantly associated with several inflammatory signalling pathways including chemokines, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt, TNF, IL-17, NFκβ, MAPK, and RA. SGNs downregulated relevant inflammatory genes in the arthritic joints, including Tnf, Ifng, Il6, and Cxcl5; immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed the reduction of TNFα, IL-6, NFκβ, and VEGF in the joints due to the effect of SGNs. TNFα and IL-6 were also reduced in the serum of DBA/1 mice treated with SGNs.
Keyphrases
- rheumatoid arthritis
- pi k akt
- signaling pathway
- oxidative stress
- electron microscopy
- disease activity
- gene expression
- diabetic rats
- ankylosing spondylitis
- interstitial lung disease
- cell proliferation
- high glucose
- cell cycle arrest
- anti inflammatory
- dna methylation
- single molecule
- high resolution
- magnetic resonance imaging
- genome wide
- type diabetes
- computed tomography
- bioinformatics analysis
- endothelial cells
- silver nanoparticles
- mass spectrometry
- ionic liquid
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- drug induced
- skeletal muscle
- ms ms
- adipose tissue
- metabolic syndrome
- systemic sclerosis
- nuclear factor
- contrast enhanced
- genome wide identification
- soft tissue
- cell death
- smoking cessation
- room temperature
- transcription factor
- capillary electrophoresis
- image quality
- replacement therapy
- postmenopausal women