Direct electrospinning of titania nanofibers with ethanol.

Titanium(iv) isopropoxide in ethanol is aged under acidic conditions with a small amount of water. After adding a small amount of N,N-dimethylformamide, TiO2 nanofibers with average diameters of ∼70 nm are prepared by direct electrospinning. During in situ heating of the nanofibers, crystallization into anatase and rutile phases is observed.