Clinical spectrum and treatment outcomes of patients with nanophthalmos.

Mean age at presentation was 48.76 ± 15.99 years (5-74 years) and 55.6% were females. Median BCVA was 0.78 (6/36 Snellen equivalent) and median spherical equivalent was +10.0 (5.7-12.5) . Amblyopia was seen in 30.0% patients. Legal blindness was present in 16.7% of the study population. The mean IOP was 18.38 ± 9.38 mmHg. Angle closure disease was present in 67.7% and 35.7% had angle closure glaucoma. Presence of peripheral anterior synechia had higher odds (OR = 3.66; 95% CI, 1.71-7.84) of associated glaucoma. The mean axial length, 17.64 ± 1.74 mm was inversely correlated to the mean Retinochoroidal Sclera(RCS) thickness of 1.99 ± 0.25 mm (r = -0.28, p value < 0.001).All patients who had undergone surgery for glaucoma (n = 11) had associated intra or postoperative complication. Cataract surgery by manual small incision had more complications than Phacoemulsification (p value = 0.001). Occurrence of uveal effusion was significantly lower in eyes which underwent sclerostomy (p = 0.04) CONCLUSION: Nanophthalmos is a rare disorder with varying degree of visual impairment & amblyopia. High incidence of angle closure glaucoma was observed. Surgical management for glaucoma is often challenging with frequent complications. Cataract surgery by phacoemulsification had significantly lower complications than SICS and performing a concomitant sclerostomy reduced the occurrence of uveal effusions.