Predicting the Efficacy of Repeated Shockwave Lithotripsy for Treating Patients with Upper Urinary Tract Calculi Using an Artificial Neural Network Model.

Establishing an ANN model for repeated SWL of UUTC is crucial for optimizing patient care. This model will be pivotal in providing accurate treatment plans for patients with an initial unsuccessful SWL treatment. Moreover, it can significantly enhance the success rate of subsequent SWL treatments, ultimately alleviating patients' treatment burden.