Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor blockade attenuates inflammation in inflamed gingival tissue explants.

These results indicate that CSF-1R is elevated in PD, and its inhibition attenuates inflammatory mediators in the inflamed gingival tissue and circulating myeloid cells. Together these findings suggest that CSF-1R might be involved in regulating inflammatory processes in PD, and a potential therapeutic target to reduce the harmful inflammation.