Insight into the ordering process and ethanol oxidation performance of Au-Pt-Cu ternary alloys.

Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs), which have been widely recognized as nontoxic and green energy conversion devices, show attractive application prospects for liquid hydrogen-carriers, due to the higher specific energy and lower toxicity of ethanol. Pt-based catalysts are widely used in DEFCs, while their poor poisoning resistance highlights the importance of composition and structure optimization. Herein, we synthesized a series of reduced graphene oxide supported ternary alloy Au x Pt 1- x Cu 3 /rGO ( x = 0-1) catalysts with excellent ethanol oxidation performance and a composition-dependent volcano plot trend of the ordering degree was observed and rationalized. The highest Pt-normalized mass activity of Au 0.8 Pt 0.2 Cu 3 /rGO is attributed to the optimized CO binding energy according to DFT calculations. This work not only provides an efficient EOR catalyst based on ordered alloys Au x Pt 1- x Cu 3 ( x = 0-1), but also offers valuable insight into the role of a third metal in tuning the structure and function of alloys.