Standardized prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates following initial non-malignant biopsy result.

Men with non-malignant TRUS biopsy have a much higher incidence of prostate cancer but a risk of prostate cancer death below the population average. This underlines that the oncological risk of cancers missed in the initial TRUS biopsy is low. Accordingly, attempts to increase sensitivity of initial biopsy are unjustified. Moreover, current follow-up after non-malignant biopsy is likely overaggressive, particularly in men over the age of 60.