Natural Course of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations in Children: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study.
Alejandro Nicolas SantosLaurèl RauschenbachDino Vitali SabanBixia ChenAnnika HertenThiemo Florin DingerYan LiStephan TippeltAdela Della MarinaChristian Dohna-SchwakeBörge SchmidtRamazan JabbarliKarsten Henning WredeUlrich SurePhilipp DammannPublished in: Stroke (2021)
Pediatric patients with brain stem CCM and familial history of CCM have a higher risk of ICH as mode of presentation. During untreated 5-year follow-up, they revealed a similar risk of (re)hemorrhage compared to adult patients. The probability of (re)bleeding increases over time, especially in cases with ICH at presentation or brain stem localization.