Assessing co-occurring mental health conditions in a multidisciplinary Down syndrome clinic and the role of family history.

Compared to the general population, individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are at a significantly increased risk to develop mental health conditions. This study sought to examine individuals with DS and co-existing mental health comorbidities at one DS specialty clinic. Retrospective chart review of medical records including demographics, genetic testing history, personal and familial mental health history, referrals for mental health indications, and recommendations was performed. Summary statistics, logistic regression, and log of odds were converted to odd ratios to assess associations and significance. The charts of 327 patients, average 19.4 years of age (1-70), were reviewed. Nearly half the participants (42.2%) had at least one diagnosis of a mental health condition. Those with a family history were significantly more likely to have a personal diagnosis of a mental health condition than those without a family history (p < 0.01). Moreover, those who completed referrals often received medical management recommendations (86%). This study highlights the prevalence of mental health comorbidities among individuals with DS, and the referral process for mental health conditions, at one DS specialty clinic. Further research is needed to investigate our family history findings, and to determine if these results are generalizable across other DS clinics.