Confirmatory evaluation of eFUME for control of brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae).

The governments of Australia and New Zealand require a phytosanitary treatment to control adult brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), as overwintering aggregations have been intercepted in the importation pathway of various nonhorticultural consignments, including vehicles. The commercialized fumigant, eFUME, a 16.7% by mass dilution of ethyl formate in carbon dioxide, resulted in complete control of ca. 1,000 field-collected, naturally diapausing adult H. halys in each of 3 independent trials at 10 ± 0.5 °C (x¯ ± 2s) when ethyl formate levels in enclosure headspace were maintained steady-state at ca. 14.5 mg/liter for 4 h to yield Ct exposures ranging from 57.9 to 63.1 mg/liter h. Consistent with previous findings where greenhouse reared H. halys were controlled using laboratory formulations of this ethyl formate-carbon dioxide mixture, these confirmatory methods and results further inform technical and operational features of commercial practice.