Chronic venous insufficiency, cardiovascular disease, and mortality: a population study.

Jürgen H ProchaskaNatalie ArnoldAndrea FalckeSabrina KoppAndreas SchulzGregor BuchSophie MollMarina Panova-NoevaClaus JüngerLisa EggebrechtNorbert PfeifferManfred E Beutel Harald Binder Stephan GrabbeKarl J LacknerArina Ten Cate-HoekChristine Espinola-KleinThomas Munzel Philipp S Wild

Published in: European heart journal (2021)

Chronic venous insufficiency is highly prevalent in the population and is associated with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and disease. Individuals with CVI experience an elevated risk of death, which is independent of age and sex, and present cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities.

Keyphrases

cardiovascular risk factors
cardiovascular disease
metabolic syndrome
cardiovascular events
type diabetes
risk factors
drug induced