Female infertility in the era of obesity: The clash of two pandemics or inevitable consequence?
Sanja MedenicaMaria Elena SpoltorePaulina OrmazabalLjiljana V MarinaAntoan Stefan SojatAntongiulio FaggianoLucio GnessiRossella MazzilliMikiko WatanabePublished in: Clinical endocrinology (2022)
Obesity is an epidemic that has led to a rise in the incidence of many comorbidities: among others, reduced fertility is often under-evaluated in clinical practice. The mechanisms underlying the link between reduced fertility and obesity are numerous, with insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia and the frequent coexistence of polycystic ovary syndrome being the most acknowledged. However, several other factors concur, such as gut microbiome alterations, low-grade chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Not only do women with obesity take longer to conceive, but in vitro fertilization (IVF) is also less likely to succeed. We herein provide an updated state-of-the-art regarding the molecular bases of what we could define as dysmetabolic infertility, focusing on the clinical aspects, as well as possible treatment.
Keyphrases
- insulin resistance
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- high fat diet induced
- metabolic syndrome
- adipose tissue
- low grade
- oxidative stress
- skeletal muscle
- high fat diet
- type diabetes
- weight loss
- clinical practice
- weight gain
- high grade
- young adults
- risk factors
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- physical activity
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- diabetic rats
- drug induced