Solution processed high performance perovskite solar cells based on a silver nanowire-titanium dioxide hybrid top electrode.

Longer silver nanowires (AgNWs) > 50 μm and even 90 μm in length have been produced via a polyol method by just changing the stirring speed at a temperature of 130 °C. As-synthesized longer AgNWs are further utilized to construct transparent conductive AgNWs films by a facile drop-casting technique that attained a sheet resistance of 14.5 Ω sq -1 and transmittance over 85%, which is higher than ITO film. The use of a AgNWs/TiO 2 hybrid electrode decreases the sheet resistance to 8.3 Ω sq -1 , which is attributed to the enhancement of connections between AgNWs by filling the empty spaces between nanowires and TiO 2 nanoparticles. Transparent perovskite solar cells (PSCs) on the basis of these AgNWs and AgNWs/TiO 2 hybrid top electrodes were made and examined. Due to the light scattering nature of TiO 2 nanoparticles, optical transmittance of the AgNWs/TiO 2 hybrid electrode enhances to some extent after the coating of a TiO 2 layer. Both cell efficiencies and stability of the PSCs are enhanced by using the AgNWs/TiO 2 top electrode. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.65% was attained for perovskite devices based on only the AgNW electrode with a sheet resistance of 14.5 Ω sq -1 . A PCE of 14.53% was achieved after coating with TiO 2 nanoparticles, indicating the layer effect of TiO 2 coating.