"Dual-Innervated Gracilis Free Functional Muscle Transfers in Facial Palsy Patients: Comparing Long-Term Outcomes between One- versus Two-Stage Procedures".
Y Edward WenRoshni L ThachilAdolfo Zamaro MadrazoCristina V SanchezJoan S ReischShai M RozenPublished in: Journal of reconstructive microsurgery (2024)
Long-term outcomes demonstrate that both one- and two-stage dual-innervated gracilis FFMTs significantly improve excursion, but only two-stage reconstruction significantly improves resting tone.