Foetal tobacco and cannabis exposure, body fat and cardio-metabolic health in childhood.
Kim Nail Cajachagua-TorresHanan El MarrounIrwin K M ReissSusana SantosVincent W V JaddoePublished in: Pediatric obesity (2021)
Similar associations for maternal and paternal substance use during pregnancy suggest that these findings may be explained by shared family-based social and lifestyle factors, rather than by direct foetal programming.