Paclobutrazol exposure induces apoptosis and impairs autophagy in hepatocytes via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.
Yun LuoShan LuXiao SunYe GaoGuibo SunMeihua YangXiao-Bo SunPublished in: Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology (2021)
Paclobutrazol (PBZ), one of the most widely used plant growth retardants in vegetables, fruits, and traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, exposes people to adverse events. In this study, HepaRG hepatocytes were cultured and exposed to PBZ (360 μM) in vitro to determine its mechanism. Results showed that PBZ exposure inhibited cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner and increased the oxidative stress and apoptosis ratio in HepaRG cells. These data revealed that the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has an important role in PBZ-induced cell apoptosis, which is mediated by impaired autophagy and blocked by the AMPK activator. In conclusion, PBZ exposure induces apoptosis and impairs autophagy in hepatocytes via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.
Keyphrases
- induced apoptosis
- signaling pathway
- protein kinase
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- oxidative stress
- cell cycle arrest
- cell death
- pi k akt
- cell proliferation
- diabetic rats
- skeletal muscle
- liver injury
- drug induced
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- plant growth
- dna damage
- endothelial cells
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- toll like receptor
- electronic health record
- risk assessment
- inflammatory response
- nuclear factor
- immune response
- big data
- health risk assessment
- drinking water
- deep learning