Additional oncological benefit of photodynamic diagnosis with blue light cystoscopy in transurethral resection for primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A comparative study from experienced institutes.

The multiple survival analysis demonstrated that the risk of IBCG-defined progression was significantly decreased by PDD use in NMIBC patients. Sankey diagrams revealed possible differences in pathological pathways after the initial TURBT between the two groups, demonstrating that repeated recurrence could be prevented by PDD use.